Sunday, March 24, 2019

பொதுநலம் - பேணுவோம் சுயநலம் - சுட்டெரிப்போம்




இன்றைய சமுதாயத்தின் நிலையும் குணுமும் மாறிக்கொண்டும் மழுங்கிக்கொண்டும் வந்து கொண்டேயிருக்கிறது. சமூகத்தில் மூடு பழக்கங்கள் ஒரு புரம் தலைவிரித்தாடினாலும் மறுபுறம் மக்களின் குணங்களின் தரத்தில் குறைவும் தேய்வும் காணப்படுகிறது.
உலகில் அதிகமான கொலை கொள்ளை அடுத்தவரை நிம்மதியாக வாழ விடக்கூடாது என்ற எண்ணம்மனிதனை மேலும் மேலும் வழிகேட்டில் தள்ளுகிறது. ஆனால் ஒன்றை தெளிவாக விளங்கவேண்டும்: சுயநலப்போக்குக் கொண்டு பொதுநலம் கொஞ்சமும் இல்லாத அல்லாஹ்வும் இரசூலும் விரும்புவது இல்லை.
பொதுநலம் இஸ்லாத்தின் ஒரு அங்கம். உண்மை முஸ்லிமின் அடையாளம். சுருக்கமாக வேறொரு வார்த்தையில் சொன்னால் அது ஈமானின் ஒரு பகுதி.
பொதுநலம் இல்லாது  அடுத்தவர் நலன் கருதாது வாழுபவர் இஸ்லாத்தின் பண்பாடு வட்டத்திலிருந்து அவர் வெளியேறிகொண்டிருக்கிறார்.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْإِيمَانُ بِضْعٌ وَسَبْعُونَ - أَوْ بِضْعٌ وَسِتُّونَ - شُعْبَةً، فَأَفْضَلُهَا قَوْلُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَأَدْنَاهَا إِمَاطَةُ الْأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ، وَالْحَيَاءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ»

صحيح مسلم

நபி ஸல்லல்லாஹீ அலைஹி வஸல்லம் சொன்னார்கள்: ஈமான்  70சொச்ச கிளைகள் அதில் சிறந்தது லாயிலாஹ இல்லல்லாஹு என்ற கலிமாஅதில் தாழ்ந்தது வழியில் மற்றவருக்கு இடையூறு தரும் பொருளை நீக்குவது.
ஈமானின் ஒரு அங்கம் பொதுநலச் சிந்தனை என்பதின் விளக்கம் தான் இந்த சில வார்த்தைகளும் ஒரு வழியும் என்பதை நாம் உணரவேண்டும்.
நாயகம் ஸல்லல்லாஹீ அலைஹி வஸல்லம் அவர்கள் நபியாக அனுப்படுவதற்கு முன்பும் அதிகமான பொதுநல வாழ்க்கையில் ஈடுபட்டிருந்தார்கள். அவர்களை பின்பற்றும் நாம் அவர்களை பின்பற்றினால் அல்லாஹ்வின் அன்பு கிட்டும் என குர்ஆனில்  அல்லாஹ் கூறிய பிறகும் முஸ்லிம்களாகிய நாம் சுயநலத்துடன் இல்லாமல் பொதுநலச்சிந்தனையை உருவாக்கவேண்டும்.
தன் இளம் வயதில் நாயகம் ஸல்லல்லாஹீ அலைஹி வஸல்லம் அவர்கள் மக்களுக்கு தேவையான வேலைகளை செய்வதில் ஈடுபட்டிருந்தார்கள். மக்களும் இவர்களை நம்பி தங்கள் பொருள்களையும் அலுவல்களையும் தந்தார்கள். அதுமட்டுமில்லாமல் அவர்களின் இளம் வயதில் ஒரு நலச்சங்கம் மக்காவில் அமைக்கப்பட்டது. மக்களுக்கான பிரச்சனைகளை தீர்ப்பது அவர்களுக்கு பாதுகாப்பு தருவது போன்ற திட்டங்கள் தீட்டப்பட்டது. அந்த சங்கத்தில் நாயகம் அவர்களும் கலந்துகொண்டார்கள். அதில் கலந்துக்கொள்வது தனக்கு பிரியம் என்று ஸஹாபாக்களுக்கும் சொன்னார்கள்.
قال بعد أن شرّفه الله بالرسالة: «لقد شهدت مع عمومتي حلفا في دار عبد الله بن جدعان ما أحب أن لي به حمر النّعم  ولو دعيت به في الإسلام لأجبت
குர்ஆனில் அல்லாஹ் மூன்று கூட்டத்தை சொல்கிறான் 1. பாவம் செய்த கூட்டம் 2. பாவம் செய்யாமல் பாவத்தை தடுக்காத கூட்டம் 3. பாவம் செய்யாமல் பாவத்தை தடுத்த கூட்டம்.
இதில் அல்லாஹ் இரண்டை அழித்து ஒன்றை காப்பாற்றினான். பாதுகாப்புபெற்ற கூட்டம் மூன்றாவது கூட்டம். காரணம் அடுத்தவன் அழிவில் இருக்கும்போது எனக்கு என்னஎன்று போகிற சுயநல போக்கை இஸ்லாம் விரும்புவது கிடையாது.
وَاسْأَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ حَاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتَانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعًا وَيَوْمَ لَا يَسْبِتُونَ لَا تَأْتِيهِمْ كَذَلِكَ نَبْلُوهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ (163) وَإِذْ قَالَتْ أُمَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا قَالُوا مَعْذِرَةً إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ وَلَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ (164) فَلَمَّا نَسُوا مَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ أَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ (165سورة الاعراف
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما أنه توقف فيه . ونقل عنه أيضاً : هلكت الفرقتان ونجت الناهية ، وكان ابن عباس إذا قرأ هذه الآية بكى وقال : إن هؤلاء الذين سكتوا عن النهي عن المنكر هلكوا ، ونحن نرى أشياءننكرها ، ثم نسكت ولا نقول شيئا
அதனால்தான் அடுத்தவன் வழித்தவறி போகும்போது நமக்கென்ன என சுயநலம் விரும்பாத இஸ்லாம் அதை தடுக்கும் வழியின் அளவை சொல்லும்போது:
رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ، وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ» .
صحيح مسلم 1ஃ 69
முதலில் கையால் தடுக்க வேண்டும். இரண்டாவது நாவால் அதற்கு முடியவில்லையெனில் தன் மனதில் அந்த விஷயத்தை நினைத்து வெறுக்கவேண்டும்.
அதாவது அடுத்தவன் சீரழிவை பார்க்கும்போது நம் உள்ளத்தில் ஒரு உருக்கமும் கவலையும் இருக்கவேண்டும் என்பது நாயகம் சொல்லவருகிற கருத்து.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ' بَيْنَا رَجُلٌ بِفَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ، فَسَمِعَ صَوْتًا فِي سَحَابَةٍ: اسْقِ حَدِيقَةَ فُلَانٍ، فَتَنَحَّى ذَلِكَ السَّحَابُ، فَأَفْرَغَ مَاءَهُ فِي حَرَّةٍ، فَإِذَا شَرْجَةٌ مِنْ تِلْكَ الشِّرَاجِ قَدِ اسْتَوْعَبَتْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ كُلَّهُ، فَتَتَبَّعَ الْمَاءَ، فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ قَائِمٌ فِي حَدِيقَتِهِ يُحَوِّلُ الْمَاءَ بِمِسْحَاتِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ مَا اسْمُكَ؟ قَالَ: فُلَانٌ - لِلِاسْمِ الَّذِي سَمِعَ فِي السَّحَابَةِ - فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ لِمَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ اسْمِي؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا فِي السَّحَابِ الَّذِي هَذَا مَاؤُهُ يَقُولُ: اسْقِ حَدِيقَةَ فُلَانٍ، لِاسْمِكَ، فَمَا تَصْنَعُ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ: أَمَّا إِذْ قُلْتَ هَذَا، فَإِنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا، فَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثِهِ، وَآكُلُ أَنَا وَعِيَالِي ثُلُثًا، وَأَرُدُّ فِيهَا ثُلُثَهُ '،
صحيح مسلم
ஒரு மனிதர்  பொட்டல்காடான இடத்தில் இருக்கும்போது வானத்தில் ஒரு சத்தம் இன்னாள் இடத்திற்குச்சென்று அங்கு தண்ணீர் பாய்ச்சு என ஓர் ஓசை. அதை கேட்டு அந்த மேகத்தை பின்தொடர்ந்து சென்றார். அங்கு ஒரு விவசாயி வீட்டு நிலத்தில் தண்ணீர் பாய்ச்சியது. இவரிடத்தில் அந்த மனிதர் நடந்த சம்பவத்தை எடுத்து சொல்லி இந்த சிறப்பிற்கு என்ன காரணம் என கேட்டார். ஆதற்கு அந்த விவசாயி நான் என் நிலத்தில் விழையும் பொருட்களை மூன்றாக பிறிப்பேன்.
ஒரு பங்கு என் குடுப்பத்திற்கு இரண்டாவது பங்கு என் நிலத்திற்கு அடுத்த வருட விதைக்கு மூன்றாவது பங்கு ஏழைகளுக்கு தானம் செய்துவிடுவேன் என்றார்கள்.
இப்படி பொதுநலச்சிந்தனையுடன் செயல்பட்டதற்காகத்தான் அந்த விவசாயிற்கு அல்லாஹ் தண்ணீர் அனுப்பிவைத்தான் என பார்க்கும்போது பொது நலத்திற்க்கு அல்லாஹ்வின் அருள்உண்டு என்பது நமக்கு தெளிவாகிறது.
நபி ஸல்லல்லாஹீ அலைஹி வஸல்லம் கூறினார்கள்:
وَاللهُ فِي عَوْنِ الْعَبْدِ مَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ فِي عَوْنِ أَخِيهِ،
ஒருவன் மற்ற சகோதரருக்கு உதவி செய்தால் அல்லாஹ் அவனுக்கு உதவி செய்கிறான்.
அடுத்தவர் நலனை  விரும்பி வேலை செய்பவர் தன் நலத்திற்கு அல்லாஹ் பொருப்பேற்றுக்கொள்கிறான் என்ற எண்ணம் ஏற்;பட வேண்டும்.
عن أبي هريرة ، رضي الله عنه ، قال : قيل للنبي صَلى الله عَلَيه وسَلَّم : إن فلانة تقوم الليل وتصوم النهار ، وتصدق وتفعل ، وتؤذي جيرانها بلسانها. فقال رسول الله صَلى الله عَلَيه وسَلَّم : لا خير فيها ، هي من أهل النار. قالوا : وفلانة تصلي المكتوبة وتصدوا بأثوار ولا تؤذي أحدًا. فقال رسول الله صَلى الله عَلَيه وسَلَّم : هي من أهل الجنة.
நபி ஸல்லல்லாஹீ அலைஹி வஸல்லம் அவர்களிடம் கேட்கப்பட்டது: ஒரு பெண் இரவில் நின்று வணங்கி பகலில் நோன்பு நோற்று தானம் செய்கிறாள் ஆனால் அவள் தன் நாவால் அடுத்தவர்களுக்கு நோவினை தருகிறாள் மற்ற பெண் கடமையான வணக்கங்களை தொழுது அடுத்தவருக்கு இடையூறு இல்லாமல் வாழ்கிறாள் என இரண்டு பெண்களை பற்றி கேட்ட போது நாயகம் சொன்னார்கள்: முதலாவது பெண் நரகவாசி இரண்டாவது பெண் சொர்கவாசி என்றார்கள்.
அடுத்தவர் நலனை கருத்தில் கொள்ளாது பிறருக்கு துன்பம் தர விரும்புவர் என்ன அமல் செய்தாலும் அவர் அல்லாஹ்விடத்தில் மிகுந்த கோபத்திற்கு சொந்தக்காரர் என்பது இந்த ஹதீஸில் நாம் விளங்கும் கருத்து.
நாயகம் முன்பு வாழ்ந்த இரண்டு பெண்களை பற்றி சொன்னார்கள்: ஒரு பெண் விபச்சாரி ஆனால் தாகத்தில் இருந்த ஒரு நாயின் மீது இரக்கப்பட்டு அதற்கு தன் ஷPவால் கிணற்றிலிருந்து தண்ணீர் இறைத்து கொடுத்ததால் அவள் சொர்கம் அடைந்தால். ஒரு பெண் நல்ல வணக்கசாலி அவள் தன் பூனையை கட்டிப்போட்டு தான் வெளியே சென்றுவிட்டதால் அது உணவில்லாமல் இறந்துபோய்விட்டது. பூனையின் மீது இரக்கம் காட்டாமல் இருந்தமையால் அவள் நரகவாதி என்ற நாயகத்தின் வாக்கை பார்க்கும்போது அடுத்தவருக்கு இடையூறு தரும் துன்பம் அது மிருகங்களுக்காக இருந்தாலும் அல்லாஹ் நம்மீது கோபம் கொள்கிறான்.
عن أبى ذر قال قال النبي صلى الله
عليه وسلم يا يا أبا ذر إذا طبخت مرقة فأكثر ماء المرقة وتعاهد
جيرانك أو اقسم في جيرانك

அபுதர்ரே ந{ங்கள் குழப்பு செய்தால் அதில் அதிகம் தண்ணீரை ஊற்;றி உங்கள் பக்கத்து வீட்டுக்காரருக்கு தாருங்கள்.
كان خيثمة يجعل صررا فيجلس في المسجد فإذا رأى رجلا من أصحابه في ثياب رثة (1) اعترض فأعطاه صرة
கைசமா என்ற பெரியார் பல பன முடிச்சுகளுடன் மஸ்ஜிதில் அமருவார். தன் தோழர்கள் யாராவது பங்கரை ஆடையில் வந்தால் அவருக்கு ஒரு பன முடிச்சை தருவார்.
كان للحسن البصري بيت إذا فتح بابه فهو إذنه فجاء أعرابي فصادفه مفتوحا فدخل والحسن في المذهب فجاء إلى شيء تحت سرير الحسن فأخرجه وجعل يأكل فنظر إليه الحسن وجعل يبكي فقيل له : « ما يبكيك يا أبا سعيد ؟ » فقال : « ذكرني هذا أخلاق قوم قد مضوا »
ஹஸன் பஸரி ரஹ்மதுல்லாஹி அலைஹி அவர்களின் வீடு திறக்கப்பட்டு இருந்தால் யார் வேண்டுமானாலும் உள்ளே வந்து சாப்பிட்டுக்கொள்ளலாம் என பழக்கம் வைத்திருந்தார்கள். அப்படி ஒரு நபர் இவர்கள் கழிவறையில் இருக்கும்போது உள்ளே நுழைந்து சாப்பிட்டு கொணடிருந்தார்கள். பின் அவர்களின் கட்டிலுக்கு கீழ் இருந்த உணவை எடுத்து சாப்பிட்டுகொண்டிருந்தார்கள். இதை பார்த்த ஹஸன் அவர்கள் அழுது விட்டு கூறினார்கள்: முன் சென்றவர்களின் நடைமுறையை இந்த செயல் எனக்கு நியாபகப்படுத்துகிறது.

இவ்வாறு அடுத்தவருக்காக அடுத்தவரின் நலனுக்காக என்றுதான் முன்னோர்கள் வாழ்ந்து சென்றார்கள். ஆனால் நாம் இஸ்லாம் என்றும் விரும்பாத சுயநலத்தை ஆடையாக அணிந்து அடுத்தவரின் சிரமத்தை புரியாமலேயே வாழ்கிறோம். வாழ்க்கையை மாற்றுவோம் வாழ்ந்து சாதிப்போம்.

Thursday, March 21, 2019

Two Ways Of Knowing Your Creator



 Click It:- Dua & Azkar By AllReal


The Two Ways of Knowing Your Creator

In his book Al-Fawaid, Ibn-Qayyim mentions two ways of knowing Allah. The first is by observing His creation –
Allah says in the Quran –
Verily! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water (rain) which Allah sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving (living) creatures of all kinds that He has scattered therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed Ayat (proofs, evidences, signs, etc.) for people of understanding.[Quran – Al-Baqra 2:164]
The Quran also states:
Those who remember Allah (always, and in prayers) standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and think deeply about the creation of the heavens and the earth, (saying): “Our Lord! You have not created (all) this without purpose, glory to You! (Exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners). Give us salvation from the torment of the Fire. [Quran – Al-Imran 3:190]
The second way of knowing Allah is to ponder over the verses of the Quran. The Quran states:
(This is) a Book (the Quran) which We have sent down to you, full of blessings that they may ponder over its Verses, and that men of understanding may remember. [Quran – Saad 38:29]

 Question then is that how much time do you spend in knowing Allah? When observing his creation, do you recognize the power that created this creation and holds it together? Do you recognize who controls your affairs? Do you spend enough time reading Quran? More than that do you then spend time pondering over the verses of Quran? Or has Quran and pondering over its verses become something that is not very high on your priority list and planned for some general day in the future? When is that day going to come? Do you care?
Generally, the common trap that people fall into is to prioritize wrongly in life and accordingly suffer the appropriate consequences. If Quran does not fit in the right order of your priorities because other life matters related to your families, your pursuits of earning a provision, and other aspects of your life seem more important, think again – Who do you think has more control on the affairs of your life?
It is time to straighten our priorities.

Dua & Azkar By AllReal

62

Tuesday, March 12, 2019

Success Story

*Sunday Story*

Michael Jordan was an African-American man, born in 1963, in the slums of Brooklyn, New York. He had four brothers and his father's wages were not sufficient to provide for the whole family. He grew up in a poor neighbourhood which was full of discrimination, to the point where he could not see any hope for the future.

When he was 13 years old, his father gave him a piece of used clothing and asked: "What do you think the value of this outfit would be?"

Jordan replied, "Maybe one dollar."

His father asked, "Can you sell it for two dollars? If you can sell it, it would mean that you are a big help to your father and mother. "

Jordan nodded his head, "I'll try, but no guarantee that I'll be successful."

Jordan carefully washed the clothes clean. Because they didn't have an iron, to smoothen out clothes, he levelled it with a clothes brush on a flat board, then kept it in the sun to dry. The next day, he brought the clothes to a crowded underground station. After offering it for more than six hours. Jordan finally managed to sell it for $2. He took the two dollar bill and ran home.

After that, everyday he was looked for used clothing, washed and ironed it and  sold it in the crowd. More than ten days later, his father again gave him a piece of used clothing, "Now think of a way that you can sell these clothes for 20 bucks?"

Jordan said, "How is it possible? This outfit can only fetch two dollars at the most. "

His father replied in an effort to inspire him, "Why don't you try it first? There must be a way."

Finally, Jordan got an Idea He asked for cousin's help to paint a picture of Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse on the garment. Then he tried to sell it in the school where the children of the rich study. Soon a housekeeper, who was there to pick his master, bought clothes for his master. The master was a little boy of only 10 years but was very fond of clothes. He loved it so much and he gave a five dollar tip. 25 dollars was a huge amount for Jordan, the equivalent of a month's salary of his father.

When he got home, his father gave him yet another piece of used clothing. "Are you able to resell it at a price of 200 dollars?" His eyes lit up.

This time, Jordan accepted the clothes without the slightest doubt. Two months later a popular movie actress from the movie "Charlie's Angels", Farah Fawcett came to New York for her Movie promos. After the press conference, Jordan made his way through the security forces to reach the side of Farah Fawcett and requested her autograph on the piece of clothing. When Fawcett saw this innocent child asking for her autograph, she gladly signed it.

Jordan was shouting very excitedly, "This is a jersey signed by Miss Farah Fawcett, the selling price is 200 dollars!"He auctioned off the clothes, to a businessman for a price of 1,200 dollars!

Upon returning home, his father by broke into TEARS and said, "I am amazed that you did it My child!
You're really great! "

That night, Jordan slept alongside his father. His father said, "Son, in your experience selling these three pieces of clothing, what did you learn about success?"

Jordan replied, "Where there's a will, there's a way."

His father nodded his head, then shook his head, "What you say is not entirely wrong! But that was not my intention. I just wanted to show you that a piece of used clothing which is worth only a dollar can also be increased in value, Then how about us - living & thinking humans? We maybe darker and poorer, but what's the difference? "

This thought enlightened young Jordan. Even a piece of used clothing could be made dignified, then why not me? There is absolutely no reason to underestimate myself.

From then on, Michael Jordan felt that his future would be beautiful and full of hope. Michael Jordan went on to become one of the greatest basketball player in the US and is a legendary figure in NBA.

*Moral*

Our potential is so great, and should not be viewed small and low only because of our status, looks or wealth. Even a diamond is just a stone before it has been polished.

“My father used to say that it’s never too late to do anything you wanted to do. And he said you never know what you can accomplish until you try.” – Michael Jordan

Similarities and Differences Between "Muslim" and "Mumin"

In the Quran, two terms are used to refer to those on the straight path (suratal mustakeem): muslim and mumin.
What are some similarities and differences between "muslim" and "mumin"?
In the Quran, it is said that Mumins are the ones who will be salvaged. But I don't remember such a promise for Muslims. Also, I know that the Mumin is coming from the Arabic root "١من" which means "safety". But safety from exactly what?
Are Mumins a subset of Muslims, or are they superset? It is no doubt that these two sets have intersection, but does one of them completely encapsulate the other, or do they have different elements (people)?

6 Answers

There are two narrations of Hadith Jibreel, when angel Jibreel comes to the Prophet (peace be upon him) in human form and asks him some questions.
These questions include:
  • What is Islam (who are Muslims?)
  • What is Eman (who are Mu'mins?)
  • What is Ihsaan?
The two narrations switch up the order of Islam vs. eman. Therefore, some scholars have said that Islam (basic Islam) is the lower level, and eman (becoming a mu'min) is a higher level of faith. Others say the opposite.
The first opinion is supported by the language. Allah mentions "the ones who believe" in a verb form in many ayaat of Qur'an. In contrast, "mumin" is a noun, a person who believes; someone for whom belief is a strong aspect of their personality.
These words have related but different meanings, and the same word may not have exactly the same literal meaning in all places in Quran. Let me give an example.
In verse 49:14, Quran states that:
قَالَتِ الْأَعْرَابُ آمَنَّا ۖ قُل لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَٰكِن قُولُوا أَسْلَمْنَا وَلَمَّا يَدْخُلِ الْإِيمَانُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ ۖ وَإِن تُطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ لَا يَلِتْكُم مِّنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ شَيْئًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
The [desert] Arabs said: "We believe."
Say: "You haven't believed [yet], but you [should] say: 'We have submitted [to Islamic rule]', for the belief hasn't entered your hearts [yet]. And if you obey God and his messenger, he will not belittle anything from your deeds, for God is oft-forgiving [and] most merciful."
On the other hand, in verse 2:131, Quran states:
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ أَسْلِمْ ۖ قَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
When his Lord said to him [Ibrahim]: "Submit [your will to me]". He said: "I submit [my will] to [you] the Lord of the universe."
It is the same word but the context of these verses shows that it has different meanings.
In the first one it tells those who were claiming to be "believers" that they are not yet, that they have only "submitted" to Islamic rule politically. This is what people mean by "Muslim" means these days, in Quran's terminology they are "followers of the scared laws given to our prophet Mohammad (PBUH)" as "الذین آمنوا" and they are not called "Muslim", "Muslim" in Quran's terminology is a person who has fully submitted to the will of God like Ibrahim, as in the second verse. It is clear that Ibrahim (PBUH) is a believer, but God asks him to submit fully to God's will, which he does.
So when Quran calls a particular person "مسلم" it means that person has submitted to God's will completely like Ibrahim. A "مومن" is a lower level compared to this where one's heart believes in God and hereafter and sacred books and prophets and ..., it doesn't mean the person has reached the the level of "مسلم" as Ibrahim (PBUH) did yet. In this sense the word is not related to following the rules of Islam as a religion but to the higher level concept of submission to the will of God. The word is used for followers of other religions, e.g. in verse 3:52 it is used about Jesus's (PBUH) apostles and in verse 2:136 the sons of Issac (PBUH) say that they are Muslims.
In other contexts, particularly to followers of our prophet Muhammad (PBUH) it sometimes has the first meaning and not the second one (particularly in its verb form "to submit" "أسلم" and not noun "submitted") i.e. the person is submitted to following orders of the prophet and Islamic rules, the person might not be even a real believer at all let alone being a "Muslim" in the sense Ibrahim was.
One should look at the context to see if the intended meaning is the first one (followers of the religion brought by the prophet) or it is the second one (internal characteristic of a person in relation to God's will), and one should also be mindful that how we use these words today might not reflect how Quran uses them.
I quote from The Teachings of Hajj by Shaykh 'Abdur-Razzaaq ibn ‘Abdil-Muhsin al-Badr:
Al-Imaam Ahmad reported in his Musnad that Fadaalah ibn ‘Ubayd narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (Salallahu alayhi wassalam) said during the Farewell Hajj,
“Shall I not inform you about the Mu’min? He is the one whom people trust with their wealth and lives. The Muslim is he from whose tongue and hand the people are safe. The Mujaahid is he who struggles with his own soul to obey Allaah. The Muhaajir is he who abandons misdeeds and sins.”Musnad Ahmad (6/21); graded saheeh by al-Albaanee in as-Saheehah (549).
This Hadeeth, which is part of the Prophet’s (Salallahu alayhi wassalam) bequest and teachings to his Ummah imparted during the Farewell Hajj, explains the perfection of these Concepts: Eemaan, Islaam, Jihaad, and Hijrah. It also explains who rightfully deserves to be described by these traits, upon which rests happiness in this world and the Hereafter. Additionally, it gives comprehensive definitions of them.
  1. The Mu’min is he whom people trust with their lives and property. Once Eemaan settles firmly and fills the heart, it demands of a person to fulfill the duties of Eemaan, among the most important of which are: taking care of trusts, dealing with others honestly, and making sure to not oppress others with respect to their lives and property. When someone consistently does these things, people know him to be that way, and they place confidence in him and trust him with their lives and wealth because they know that he Protects what he is entrusted with.
    This is one of the foremost things dictated by Eemaan as the Prophet (salallahu alayhi wassalam) said:
    “There is no Eemaan for one who cannot be trusted.”Musnad Ahmad (3/135), Ibn Hibbaan (194); from Anas ibn Maalik (radiallahu anhu). Graded saheeh li-ghayrihi by al-Albaanee in Saheeh Mawaarid ath-Tham’aan (42).
  2. The Muslim is he from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe. That is because true Islam is submission to Allah, complete servitude devoted to Him, and giving the Muslims their rights. One’s Islam cannot be complete until he loves for the Muslims what he loves for himself. This can only come about when they are safe from any harm emanating from his tongue and hand, and this is the very root of this obligation. If others are subject to harm from his tongue and hand, how can he be fulfilling his obligation to his Muslim brothers? How could someone who extends his hand and tongue with harm and enmity against the Muslims possibly be truly practicing Islaam? Thus, their being safe from his verbal or physical harm forms the very essence of completing his Islaam.
This also implies that the Mu’min is a level higher than the Muslim because if someone is trusted with the lives and wealth of others, then the Muslims would obviously be protected from his tongue and hand. Had they not been safe from him to begin with, they would not have trusted him. However, just because they feel safe from him does not mean that they necessarily trust him. He may not harm them, yet they do not place full confidence in him, fearing that he may have withheld his harm due to some ulterior motive or fear, and not due to having Eemaan in his heart.
Thus, the Prophet (Salallahu alayhi wassalam) defined the Muslim with an outward quality, namely, others being safe from him, whereas he defined the Mu’min with an inner quality, namely, that others trust him with their lives and wealth, and the latter trait is superior to the former.
The Shaykh also similarly explains Mujaahid and Muhaajir but it is not relevant to question. But if you are interested you can read this book - Teachings of Hajj by Shaykh 'Abdur-Razzaaq ibn ‘Abdil-Muhsin al-Badr.
There are many differences between the two. I will be highlighting the major ones.
A Mumin is a higher degree Muslim who:
  1. Repents after every sin (s)he commits.
  2. Feels sorry for every Islamic obligation (s)he either did not perform or has missed.
  3. Does believe in the message of Allah without the need of concrete evidence (such as supplementary scientific knowledge).
  4. Puts Allah above everything in his/her daily life.
  5. Is and known for being trustworthy.
  6. Is sure of Allah's promise at heart.
  7. Takes into account what Allah prefers.
  8. and so on...
Mystical Approach: A Muslim is a Maqan of Salam (derived from m-slm), and thus carries and spreads Salam, while a Mumin is named directly with God's name. So a standard Muslim is where Salam is observed, while the heart of a Mumin fits Him.
There is lot more to the subject and you may only distinguish between the two clearly if you start taking account the difference between the words when studying the Quran. Most think they are interchangeable, but obviously they are wrong.
You may also like to look at herewhich says:
Muslim has a general meaning(submission to Allah) and a specific meaning (commonly used now by people around the globe).
The specific meaning still has a large scope as it starts from apparent submission to Allah with minimal state of confession in uniquness of Allah and that the holiness Muhammad --peace be upon him-- in His prophet, to the maximal state of being completely and thoroughly submitted to Allah like the holy prophet was:
قُلْ إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Say: "Truly, my prayer and my service of sacrifice, my life and my death, are (all) for Allah, the Cherisher of the Worlds [6:162]
But being Mu'min is having faith in heart, it's a good state of being Muslim, both in its general and specific meaning of Muslim, so we both have a believer Christian and a believer Muslim. This attribute further measures the degree someone is Muslim (submitted to Allah, in general or in Islam the last version of the heavenly religion):
قَالَتِ الْأَعْرَابُ آمَنَّا قُل لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَٰكِن قُولُوا أَسْلَمْنَا وَلَمَّا يَدْخُلِ الْإِيمَانُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَإِن تُطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ لَا يَلِتْكُم مِّنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ شَيْئًا إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
The desert Arabs say, "We believe." Say, "Ye have no faith; but ye (only) say, 'We have submitted our wills to Allah,' For not yet has Faith entered your hearts. But if ye obey Allah and His Messenger, He will not belittle aught of your deeds: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." [49:14]
although it rather seems that the Christians and other people of book hardly can be considered as Mu'min, most of them can at most be Muslims and at the beginning of being submitted to God, although doing hard worships as well. That's because what they believe in God and His prophet is close to Kufr and Shirk. And if they remedy such ideas then they will commonly convert to Islaam and if they don't live much after remedying their beliefs to convert and die they might be still considered as Mu'min (even although not converted according to the rules of Islam). I rather prefer to skip this issue as I have very small evidences on this issue, and Allah knows best. But let bring these verses that may help:
يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِّنْهُ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِوَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ انتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ سُبْحَانَهُ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ لَّهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا
O People of the Book! Commit no excesses in your religion: Nor say of Allah aught but the truth. Christ Jesus the son of Mary was (no more than) a messenger of Allah, and His Word, which He bestowed on Mary, and a spirit proceeding from Him: so believe in Allah and His messengers. Say not "Trinity": desist: it will be better for you: for Allah is one Allah: Glory be to Him: (far exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belong all things in the heavens and on earth. And enough is Allah as a Disposer of affairs. [4:171]
وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَمَن يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ خَاشِعِينَ لِلَّهِ لَا يَشْتَرُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
And there are, certainly, among the People of the Book, those who believe in Allah, in the revelation to you, and in the revelation to them, bowing in humility to Allah: They will not sell the Signs of Allah for a miserable gain! For them is a reward with their Lord, and Allah is swift in account. [3:199]
لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أُمَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ يَتْلُونَ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ
Not all of them are alike: Of the People of the Book are a portion that stand (For the right): They rehearse the Signs of Allah all night long, and they prostrate themselves in adoration. [3:113]
وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مَنْ إِن تَأْمَنْهُ بِقِنطَارٍ يُؤَدِّهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُم مَّنْ إِن تَأْمَنْهُ بِدِينَارٍ لَّا يُؤَدِّهِ إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا مَا دُمْتَ عَلَيْهِ قَائِمًا ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا لَيْسَ عَلَيْنَا فِي الْأُمِّيِّينَ سَبِيلٌ وَيَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ
Among the People of the Book are some who, if entrusted with a hoard of gold, will (readily) pay it back; others, who, if entrusted with a single silver coin, will not repay it unless thou constantly stoodest demanding, because, they say, "there is no call on us (to keep faith) with these ignorant (Pagans)." but they tell a lie against Allah, and (well) they know it. [3:75] [and honesty, truthfulness and trusteeship are among the most important measures of Iman according to Ahadeeth, even more important measures than prayer and fast and etc.]
And at a last point, Iman itself has several ranks and it will be measured by Taqwa if I'm not wrong:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ مِن قَبْلُ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا
O ye who believe! Believe in Allah and His Messenger, and the scripture which He hath sent to His Messenger and the scripture which He sent to those before (him). Any who denieth Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers, and the Day of Judgment, hath gone far, far astray. [4:136]
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَآمِنُوابِرَسُولِهِ يُؤْتِكُمْ كِفْلَيْنِ مِن رَّحْمَتِهِ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ نُورًا تَمْشُونَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
O ye that believe! Fear Allah, and believe in His Messenger, and He will bestow on you a double portion of His Mercy: He will provide for you a Light by which ye shall walk (straight in your path), and He will forgive you (your past): for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
There are many verses that Allah tells the believers to believe, to fear Allah, and warn them, but there is no where that Allah warns a Mutaqqi who fears Allah as this fear is itself a mean to save the Mu'min.
PS. there may exists gaps in this answer, so feel free to fill them. Also bear in mind that the writer of the answer is not a scholar/expert and can easily make mistakes, although tries to prevent errors.

Assalamu alaikkum
My dear brothers & sisters, don't get confused. It’s very simple,,, I can give You supports and evidences , but right now You all have heard as posted above...

ISLAM is to completely submit ones will to Allah
Well now the Beginning Muslim has to believe in Allah and do good, just like everyone who lived before the Quran... It doesn't mean they haven't believed, they have believed in Allah...
But basically there are three levels of Faith...
ISLAM with five pillars of faith IMAN with Deep Belief in 6 principles IHSAN which means excellence
So basically anyone who testifies is a Muslim, means has submitted
But to become a true Muslim, he needs to submit his will completely,, yes, he needs to become a Muslim, then a MUMIN and a Muhsin,,,, So actual speaking a true Muslim is one who have acquired three levels of Faith,, ( do basics of ISLAM, supported by true belief or IMAN and finally excel as righteous Muslim or have IHSAN )
IN SHORT A BASIC MUSLIM WHO SIMPLY SUBMITED WILL BECOME A TRUE MUSLIM WHO HAS COMPLETELY SUBMITTED OR SURRENDERED...
OR U CAN SAY A BASIC MUSLIM BECOMES EXCELLENT MUSLIM,,, and there lies the wisdom in the religion of faith...
Never get confused reading Quran oneself... Allah has asked to follow Sadiqeen, Saliheen, Mutaqeen and the Mumineen if You have confusions...
See, I explained in simple by the will of Allah English because I follow and learn from a obedient Saadiq of Allah who is also related to the family of Muhammed Rasool (SAWS) .
In Shaa Allah... jazakallah khair
(Never write insha Allah, because it means WE CREATED ALLAH... so write In-Shaa-Allah)

Muhammad Rasool (saw)

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